Safety lock



Oct. 14, 1958 l. BERKowlTz 2,855,771

SAFETY Locx Filed March 21, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 9g *BY Q Oct@ -14-, 1958 Filed March 2l, 1957 l. BERKowl'rz 2,855,771

SAFETY Lock 2 Sheets--Sheet 2 INVENTOR. /pw/ve Bayou/rz BY"f5 SAFETY LOCK Irving Berkowitz, Oceanside, N. Y., assignor to Kason Hardware Corp., Brooklyn, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application March 21, 1957, Serial No. 647,525

18 Claims. (Cl. 70m-92) This invention relates generally to door locks and more particularly to safety locks.

Compartments of certain types, such as refrigerators and quick freezing units, have doors which must be kept tightly closed under normal conditions and nevertheless must be quickly and easily openable when access is desired to the compartment. To attain these objectives, door locks with handles have been developed which operate slidable bolts in conjunction with strikers or keepers.

Provision has also been made to hold a bolt in locked position against its keeper by the use of a padlock. The continued `use of thesedevices has however disclosed several diiculties. For example, a deliveryman of refrigerated commodities, such as an ice cream vendor, or a milkman, finds it most inconvenient and time consuming to lock and unlock a padlock in the course of making deliveries. Furthermore, if the compartment door should close and the bolt slip into position, either accidentally or by the malicious design of an intruder, any person within the compartment may find himself imprisoned.

It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide an improved type Iof compartment door safety lock which may easily be opened by any person who finds himself inside the compartment with the door shut and the bolt in locking position.

A further object of this invention is to provide an improved `type of compartment door safety lock which may be locked merely by depressing a cylinder, and unlocked by means of a key. f j

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved type of compartment door safety lock which may conveniently and expeditiously be opened by a person who nds himself inside the compartment with the door closed, the bolt in locking position, and locked by either a cylinder type lock, or a padlock, or by both a cylinder type lock and a padlock. j

A preferred embodiment lof the invention will now be described by reference to the drawing herein of seven figures in which the same reference numerals apply to the same or similar parts and in which:

Fig. l is a Vertical, longitudinal cross-sectional view,

Fig. 2 is a bottom view, i

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line 3-3 of Fig. l,

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line 4 4 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line 5-5 of Fig. 1, and

Figs. 6 4and 7 are perspective views of important features of the preferred embodimentof the invention.

The casing 10 of the safety lock is fastenable to the compartment door 12 by six screws 14, and houses and supports the various operating parts of the lock. The handle 16 'is pivotable around the pin 18 which is journalled into the casing. Slidably disposed within the casing is the wedge typevtongue-bolt 20 which is mainrice tained in its normal extended position by the compression spring 22. The locking bar 24 is pivotable around the pin 26 which is set in an end slot of the tongue-bolt 20 and held in place by the bolt 28 screwed into the tonguebolt. The bolt 28 also holds the leaf spring 30 firmly aflxed to the tongue-bolt with one of the springs within the end slot and in contact with the pin 26. When the locking bar 24 assumes the locked position shown in Fig. l, the leaf spring 30 is under tension to rotate the locking bar clockwise. The spring exerts no tension during the interval when the locking bar is unlocked.

The cylinder 40 of a conventional barrel type lock is slidably disposed within the casing 10. When depressed, its penetration into the casing is limited by the cover plate 42 which is fastened to the casing by the two machine screws 43. The spring loaded pin tumbler 44 is partially extruded from the cylinder 40 and into the chamber 46 when the cylinder is depressed. The llip 46a of the casing 10 is engaged by the pin tumbler to hold the cylinder in its depressed position until the pin tumbler is retracted byunlocking the barrel type lock with its conventional key. n

The lever 48 is rotatable about its fulcrum pin 50 which is journalled into the casing. Depressing thecyl inder 40 causes the `cylinder extension 52 `to rotate the lever 48 clockwise bringing the lever prongs 54 into engagement with the wings 56 of the locking bar 24 and impelling the locking bar counter-clockwise vagainst compression by the leaf spring 30.

The strike housing 58 is aixed to the compartment wall 60 by three screws 62, only one of which isshown in Fig. 1. Two locking pins 64 hold the keeper insert 66 in place in the strike housing. Close contact between the keeping surface68 of the tongue bolt 20 and theY keeper "70 maintain the compartment door 12 closed and latched. Y i

The push rod extends slidably through the compart-v ment door 12 into the casingand is held slidably in position by bearing 81, integral with the lock body, and the ange 82 which is fastened on the inside of the door by the screws 84. The wide head 86 of the pushrrod rests on the surface 88 of the casing and makes contact with the head 90 ofthe handle 16. The knob 92 is threaded onto the push rod to meet the washer 94 and i the hex nut 96.

In actual use the handle 16 is pulled to open the com-v. partment door 12 from the outside. This operation rotates the handle counter-clockwise around the pin 18 and impels the lever arm 98 of the handle against the slidable tongue bolt 20, retracting it into the `body of the safety lock, disengaging it from the keeper and rendering the door openable.

To open the compartment door from within the compartment, the knob 92 of the push rod is pushed forward impelling the push rod head 86 against the head 90 of the handle, rotating the handle counterclockwise and retracting the tongue bolt.

A padlock may be used in conjunction with the safety lock by inserting the hasp 102 (shown in Fig. l in crosssection only) of the padlock through the two registered holes 104 in the casing and closing and locking the padlock. When the handle is then pulled inattempting to open the compartment door from the outside, the tongue bolt is prevented from being retracted by the engagement of the locking lbar 24 with the head 86. The contacting lugs on the locking bar strike the hasp of the padlock rotating the locking bar counter-clockwise against the tension of the leaf spring 3i) and causing the holding arms 108 of the locking bar to meet the head 86 of the push rod, thus blocking the further retraction of th j tongue bolt.

Ordinarily, even when there is inserted a padlock hasp or other impediment in the holes 104, the holding arms 108 are maintained in a substantially horizontal position by the action of the leaf spring upon the locking bar. This permits the holding arms 108, which are separated by a distance somewhat greater than the diameter of the push rod bearing 81, to avoid contact with the wide head of the push rod and slide past on opposite sides of the push rod with no pin or a padlock hasp inserted in the holes, and permits full retraction of the tongue bolt.

On thoseoccasions when the speedier use of the cylindrical barrel type lock is desirable, the cylinder 40 is depressed releasing the spring loaded pin tumbler 44 into the chamber 46 and rotating the lever 48 clockwise. The two lever prongs S4 extend past and on opposite sides of the push rod and reach a position directly under the wings 56 of the locking bar. The clockwise rotation of the lever 48 causes the prongs 54 to engage the wings 56 and rotate the locking bar 24 counterclockwise against the action of the leaf spring 30 until the holding arms MS meet the head 86 of the push rod. This locks the safety lock by preventing retraction of the tongue bolt. When the cylindrical barrel type lock is unlocked by a conventional 4key (not shown) the pin tumbler is retracted. The cylinder is then pushed upward to the limiting position established when the set screw 112 meets the lip 46a by the action .of the leaf spring 30, wherein the locking bar is rotated clockwise, rotating the lever counter-clockwise and pushing the cylinder upward.

Thus, it will be seen that the safety lock may be locked either by a padlock or by a depressible cylindrical lock or by both a padlock anda depressible cylindrical lock. In any case, the locking action takes place by the engage fent of the holding arms with the head of the push rod. It is (obvious, therefore. that the disengagement of the holding arms from the head of thepush rod will unlock the safety lock. This can be accomplished from outside the compartment by removing the padlock (or other impediment inserted in the holes 104) and unlocking the cylindrical lock. It may also be accomplished -from within the compartment (though the safety lock may be padlocked and/or locked by a cylindrical lock) simply by pushing the push rod forward. The head of the pusher rod will then be disengaged from ,the holding arms of the locking bar and `will rotate the handle counterclockwise, retracting the tongue bolt. The locking bar and the lever willr'emain in locking position, however, so long as it is held so by the action of the cylindrical lock. It is necessary now only` to close theicomnartment door and to push lthe handle back into closed position to relock the safetyi'lock. y v v VIt will thus be seen that there is provided a device in which the several objects of this invention are achieved and which is well adapted to meet the conditions of practical use.

As various possible embodiments may be made of the above invention, `and as various changes may be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter herein set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What is claimed is: Y

l. Arlockr, comprising a casing, a bolt movable therein. handle means to retract the bolt, push means to actuatc th'e handle means to eiect retraction of the bolt, means movable relative to `the bolt and movable therewith, said casing having means vto receive an impeding member, said movable means having means to engage such member Vupon initiating movement of the handle to ini-- tiate movement of the bolt, for moving said movable means relative to said bolt to a blocking position, and means on said push means to engage said movable member in said blocking position to block further movement o'fthebolt whensaid movable means is moved by such initiating movement of said handle, said movable means being normally in a position clear of said engaging means. to permit said handle to beactuated to retract said bolt when there is no impeding member received in said casing, and said engaging means being movable to clear said movable means when said push means is actuated to rctract said bolt even with said impeding member received in said casing.

2. The combination of claim l, in combination with a key cylinder on said casing, means under the control of said key cylinder when locked, to move said movable means to said blocking position.

3. The combination of claim 2 and means to move said movable means to such normal position where it is movable with the bolt without blocking, upon actuating the handle means and with said key cylinder means open.

4. The combination of claim l, and means to move said movable means to such normal position where it is movable with the bolt without blocking, upon actuating the handle means without any member being received in said receiving means.

5. In combination, a lock casing adapted to be fixed to a door, Asaid casing being provided with spaced walls formed with holes in registration for reception of an impeding member, a retractable bolt within the casing and between said walls, a handler. pivoted to the casing and provided with means Afor retracting the bolt, a push rod extending into the casing yand adapted to extend through the door and provided with means for operating the handle to retract the bolt from `b ehindmthe door; blocking means fixed to the push rod and located within the casing, Ymovable locking means mounted on the bolt, contacting means fixed on the locking means forward of the said holes and adapted to lengage a member inserted in the said holes for moving the locking means to engage with the blocking means upon initiating retraction of the bolt, thereby preventing retraction ofthe bolt. i

6. The combination of claim 5, in combination with means within the casing adapted to disengage the locking means from the blocking means. i l i l 7. In combination, a lock lcasing adapted to be fixed to a door, said casing being provided with spaced walls formed with holes in registration for reception of an impeding member, a retractable bolt within the casing, a handle pivoted to the casing having means for retracting the bolt, a push rod extending into the casing and adapted to extend throughthe door and having means for operating the handle from behind the door, aboss on the push rod within the casing, a rotatable locking bar pivoted on the bolt, spring means for normally maintaining the locking bar in position clear of 'the boss to permit retraction of the bolt, contacting means x'ed on the locking'bar forward of the holes and adapted to engage a member inserted in said holes and thereby to rotate 'the locking bar against the pressure of the spring to engage with the boss upon initiating retraction of the bolt, thereby preventing retraction of the bolt.

8. In combination, a lock casing adapted to be fixed to a door, said casing being provided with spaced walls formed with holes in registration lfor the reception of an impeding member, a retractable bolt'within the casing, a handle pivoted to the casing having means forretracting the bolt, a push rod having va head on one end inside the casing and the other end projecting from 'the casing and adapted to operate the handle, a rotatable locking bar pivoted on the bolt, leaf spring means 'attached to the bolt for normally maintaining the locking bar in position to clear the head of the push rod to 'permit retraction of the bolt, at least one contacting lug xed on the locking bar forward of the holes and adapted 'to engage a member inserted in the said holes thereby to rotate the lock ing bar against the pressure of the leaf spring to engage the push rod head, thereby preventing the retraction of the bolt.

i 9. In combination, a lock casing "adapted to lbe iixed to a door, 'a retractable bolt within thecasing, a'handle pivoted to .the casing having means for retracting the bolt, a push rod extending'into the casing and vadapted to extend through the door and having means for operating the handle from behind the door, blocking means iixed tothe push rod within the casing, a depressible key cylinder slidable within the casing, holding means on the key cylinder adapted to maintain the key cylinder in its fully depressed position upon the full depression of the key cylinder, movable actuating means abutting the lower end of the key cylinder adapted to be engaged by the key cylinder member and upon full depression of the key cylinder to engage the blocking means on' the push rod to prevent retraction of the bolt, and spring means for normally maintaining the actuating means in position clear of the blocking means and fzor disengaging the actuating means from the blocking means upon the unlocking of the key cylinder, thereby permitting the retraction of the bolt.

10. In combination, a lock casing adapted to be xed to a door, a retractable bolt within the casing, a handle pivoted to the casing having means for retracting the bolt, a push rod extending into the casing and adapted to extend through the door and having means for operating the handle from behind the door, blocking means fixed to the push rod Within the casing, a depressible key cylinder slidable within the casing, means for maintaining the key cylinder in its fully depressed position upon its being locked, movable locking means mounted on the bolt, movable actuating means abutting the lower end of the key cylinder adapted to be engaged by the key cylinder, engaging means on the locking means adapted to be engaged by the actuating means upon the locking of the key cylinder and thereby engaging the locking means with the blocking means to prevent the retraction of the bolt, and spring means xed to the bolt for normally maintamrng the lockving means in position clear of the blocking means and for disengaging the locking means from the blocking means upon the unlocking of the key cylinder thereby permitting retraction of the bolt.

11. In combination, a lock casing adapted to be fixed to a door, a retractable bolt within the casing, a handle pivoted to the casing and having means for retracting the bolt, a push rod extending into the casing and adapted to extend through the door and having means for operating the handle from behind the door, a boss on the push rod within the casing, a depressible key cylinder slidable within the casing, means to maintain the key cylinder in its fully depressed position upon the locking of the key cylinder, a locking bar pivoted to the bolt, a lever pivoted to the casing and having one arm beneath the lower end of the key cylinder and a second arm adapted to engage the locking bar, engaging means on the locking bar adapted to be engaged by the first arm of the lever upon the depression of the key cylinder whereby the other arm will rotate the locking bar, in one direction, said locking L bar having an arm movable in the path of said boss, when said locking bar is rotated to prevent the retraction of the bolt.

12. The combination of claim 1l, in combination with means within the casing adapted to rotate said locking bar in an opposite direction for moving said arm of said locking bar out of the path of said boss upon the unlocking of said key cylinder and for raising the key cylinder thereby permitting the retraction of the bolt by the use of the handle.

13. In combination, a lock casing, a retractable bolt within the casing, a handle pivoted to the casing having means for retracting the bolt, a push rod extending into the casing and having means for operating the handle, a head on the push rod within the casing, a depressible key cylinder slidable within the casing, means for maintaining the key cylinder in its fully depressed position upon its being locked, a locking bar pivoted to the bolt, at least 'one wing xed on the locking bar and adapted to be engaged by the lever to effect engagement ofthe locking bar-,with the head,.and leaf spring means attached to the bolt for normally maintaining the locking bar in position clear of the head and for disengaging the locking bar from the push rod head upon the unlocking of the key cylinder and for returning the key cylinder to its normal A4position upon the unlocking of the said key cylinder.

14. In combination, a lock casing adapted to be fixed to a door, said casing being -formed with holes in registration for the insertion of an impeding member, a retractable bolt Within the casing, a |handle pivoted to the casing and having means for actuating the retractable bolt, push rod means extending through the bottom of the casing and adapted to extend through the door for operating the handle from behind the door, a blocking member fixed to the push rod means and located within the casing, movable locking means mounted `on the retractable bolt near the rear end lof the bolt, contacting means fixed lon `the locking means and forward of the holes adapted to meet-a member inserted in the said holes .and for moving the said locking means to engage with the blocking member upon the attempted retraction of the bolt, thereby preventing retractionvof the bolt by use of the handle until the push rod is actuated removing the blocking member from engagement with the locking means and permitting retraction of the bolt, a locking member depressible into the casing and carrying a holding means for maintaining the locking member in depressed position upon being fully depressed, actuating means abutting the lower end of the locking member and adapted to engage with the locking means upon the full depression of the locking member to effect engagement of lche locking means with the blocking member thereby preventing retraction of the bolt until the push rod is actuated thereby removing the blocking member from engagement with the locking means and permitting retraction of the bolt, unlocking means for retracting the holding means and releasing the locking member, and means adapted upon release of the locking member and the removal of .an insert from the registered holes to disengage the locking means from the blocking member, thereby permitting the bolt to be retracted by the operation of the handle and impelling the actuating member to raise the locking member.

15. In combination, a lock casing formed with holes in registration for the insertion of an impeding member, a retractable bolt within the casing, a handle pivoted to the casing and having means for actuating the retractable bolt, a push rod projecting through the bottom of the casing from within the casing and adapted to operate the handle, a boss lon the push rod and located within the casing, a locking bar rotatable on a pivot set at the rear end of the bolt, at least one transverse member mounted on the locking bar, at least one contacting plate mounted on the locking bar forward of the holes and adapted to meet -a member inserted in the said holes and to rotate the locking bar to engage the boss to prevent retraction of the bolt by use of the handle, a cylindrical barrel type lock depressible into the casing and carrying a spring loaded pin tumbler for maintaining the barrel type lock in depressed position upon being fully depressed, a lever abutting the lower end of the barrel type lock, rotatable around a pin journalled into the casing, and adapted to engage the transverse member of the locking bar to impel the locking bar to engage the boss to prevent retraction of the bolt by use of the handle, and to permit the retraction of the bolt with an impeding member within the registered holes and the barrel type lock fully depressed upon the disengagement of the boss from the locking bar by the operation of the push rod, and leaf spring means afiixed to the bolt at its rear end adapted upon the unlocking of the barrel type lock and the removal of an impeding member from the registered holes to disengage the locking bar from the boss, thereby permitting the retraction of the bolt by the operation of the handle, and to actuate the transverse member of the locking bar to i '7 urge jthe lever to retina the barrel type 'depes'sible lock toits 'nndepressed position.

ing a projection adapted to engage'an impeding meinfber passed into the casing through said aperture upon initiating `retraction 'of the liolteither by pivotal'ly 'moving the handle directly or by means -of the psh 'rodjsaid pivoted memberha'ving aportion adaptedto Mbypass "the push io'd whe-nth'e bolt is rretracted byp'ivotally moving the handle directly if there is no impediment inserted into the casing throughsaid aperture, an enlarged portion on Said push rod, and said portion of said pivot'ed member being adapted to engage said enlarged head, should the handle be actuated directly'with an impediment inserted'through said aperture, to stop Vretraction of the bolt.

17. The 'combination o elih -16 in combination with s'p'ing 'ns :biasing said `piv`o`tled member vt-o 'clearing psition.

'18. The combination ''f claim 16 in eombina'tion with a evlindr lock 'n'si'd casing, alever-pivbtedto said casing and Vmeais for'r'tating 'the lever the cylinder lock is locked, -and said lever having means to rotate the pivote'dimeniber to'ap'ositi'n where said portion 'thereof will engage the head on said ypush rod, should the handle be actuated 'directly With an impediment member inserted through said aperture to prevent retraction of the bolt by ac''tuating'the'han'dle directly and independently of the push rod.

Reisfeiies'cifed inthe me df'this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,331,403 Leonard oct 112, '1943 2,655,395 gardeger oct. 13, i953 2,680,638 Groege'r a June 8, A1954 2,718,421 Slpaet'l. Sept. 20, i955 

